Environmental policies will play an increasingly
important role: The economic, social and health costs of environmental
degradation, deteriorated infrastructure and natural disaster impacts and
climate change, are likely to remain high, while economic growth and
demographic development will further increase pressure on the environment and
natural resources. At the same time, low efficiency in energy supply and
consumption across all sectors is not only imposing a severe burden on the
national economy and population but is also an environmental concern. Renewable
energy potentials are not well exploited yet. Moreover, Moldova has significant
commitments under multiple multilateral environmental agreements. Increased
coherence with international standards and approximation to the EU environment
acquis will remain a challenge in the years ahead and require strong
institutions and resources to ensure compliance and a careful prioritisation of
efforts.
While progress has been made on policy and
legislation, similar to other sectors, implementation and enforcement are still
weak and will depend on a well informed and educated public. Environmental
monitoring systems and access to information are inadequate, and environmental
authorities have limited political standing combined with weak capacities to
formulate financially sound programmes.
The cross-cutting nature of environment protection,
energy, disaster preparedness and risk reduction, calls for increased
collaboration and better coordinated support from different UN Agencies,
including UNDP, which is currently the only resident agency with a specific
environment programme, UNEP, UNECE, UNIDO, UNICEF, WHO and others.
In order to address sector challenges, UN agencies'
support should be continued towards reform and modernisation of the
environmental management system, including strengthening institutions and
enhancing capacities - for environmental management at central and local
levels, for strategic and financial planning, and for enforcement. Additional
priority activities should include environmental mainstreaming, supporting the
forward looking integration of environmental considerations into sectoral
development policies; development and use of new governance tools, including
for trans-boundary environmental issues; and market-based instruments and
fiscal mechanisms for environmental management.
Promotion of low emission and climate resilient
development should remain a central theme, including developing the enabling
policy framework and capacities for investments in low-carbon and
environmentally friendly technologies and sectors, as such contributing to
sustainable production and consumption and green job creation. Special emphasis
is indicated on upscaling energy efficiency measures, specifically in the housing
sector, and use of renewable energy sources.
Finally, UN involvement in strengthening disaster and
climate risk management should continue in an integrated manner, building on
the lessons learned from previous emergency responses.
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