Despite
enshrining equal rights in national legislation, many challenges remain in
ensuring gender equality. The greatest disparities relate to horizontal and
vertical gender segregation: Moldovan women are mostly employed in low-paying
jobs and occupy lower positions in the job hierarchy where they are employed.
The representation of women in decision-making positions is very patchy in
Moldova.
The
result of the 2007 local elections led to a marginal improvement of women’s representation
in the executive and representative bodies at a local public level. Following
the 2009 parliamentary elections the number of women lawmakers grew. However,
in the central government, despite gender parity in the distribution of salaries
and even of high-ranked positions, the higher up in the hierarchical structure of
decision makers one looks, the fewer women one finds compared to men. Given the
increasing number of women involved in policy and decision-making at local and
national levels, if this growth pace is maintained, it is possible that the MDG
targets for 2015 will be achieved. Discrepancies between the salaries of women and
men have decreased in recent years, with the average female salary standing at
76.4 percent of the average male salary in 2009. The gap remains because women,
in most cases, either work in lower-paid sectors (traditionally considered
feminine occupations) – education, healthcare or services - or occupy
lower-paid positions.
Although
the Government of Moldova has made efforts to improve the country’s performance
in gender equality and empowering women, it is still hard to identify tangible
progress. Thus, even though all women benefit from the same employment rights
as men, they are still considered a relatively vulnerable group on the labor
market. In this case, there are doubts that the mid-term target can be
achieved, although it is more than likely that the long-term target will be
reached.
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